LNG Liquified Natural Gas (liquefied natural gas), CNG, Compressed Natural Gas (compressed natural gas), liquefied petroleum gas LPG is called.
What is LNG?
Natural gas , when cooled to -162 ° C at atmospheric pressure condenses the liquid phase and move to the “Liquid Gas” (Liquified Natural Gas) is called. Odorless, colorless and nontoxic, it is a fuel in liquid phase. the liquid phase is transported and stored. Consumption is presented in the gas phase.
The high amount of natural gas with LNG, the volume under reduced pressure of about 600 times can be stored in compact liquid form. This property is the place where the transport of natural gas pipelines in technical and economic terms is not possible, make it convenient to transport by ship and truck tankers. be free of heavy hydrocarbons within the stage liquefaction of natural gas compared to LNG pipes to ensure that natural gas is a cleaner and more with high energy value.
LNG Uses
LNG, which provides the energy needs of the different fuels and instructions in all businesses with high fuel consumption, standards and regulations can be used easily in the case of the provision of the conditions. mainly in industrial plants of all sizes, commercial enterprises, in places such as tourist facilities;
-Hot Water and hot water obtained
-Steam Get
-Hot Air achieve
The oil obtained -Kızg
• Backing and drying ovens
-Metal Processing (molding, melting, heat treatment etc.)
-Ceramic And glass industry
-vacuum Is used for production.
LNG is flammable m? Is it explosive?
As long as there is no risk of explosion or burning stored under proper conditions, no explosion or burning without oxygen tanks. If the LNG is gasified and released into the open air it may burn because of the oxygen content of the air. In line with the evaporation and diffusion properties of the previously described gas it is flammable only under certain conditions. The gas mixture is in between 5% and 15% risk of glare is present. In the mixtures outside these limits will not shine.
In the liquid phase LNG it is not explosive. Vapor explosion can only indoors. It should be within the limits for the explosion of flammable LNG vapor that air gas ratio should be between 5% to 15%.
LNG industry has an excellent reliability for decades ongoing. This includes all units of reliability in the industry, ie transport of storage, re-gasification of LNG terminals for more than forty years, no serious accidents have been working without a question. The reason for this is described in LNG exceptional reliability features. -162 ° C as very low temperatures due to the special tough, strong special insulation materials and equipment are used. Spread almost as soon as converted to LNG and gas-phase air is thinning. Natural gas in the air is lighter. The properties of the liquid and gaseous natural gas properties and material to be used is located in an open format standards in the industry günvelik. Specifications, materials used and standards form the basis of the reliability of LNG. Terminals of the design, construction and operation is carried out under strict rules. These transactions are also under close monitoring of the various companies and authorities. All this time the LNG industry is considered one of the safest industries in the energy sector. As long as the boom can be stored in special tanks of oxygen because the environment is not available.
What is LPG?
LPG, that liquefied petroleum gas during the distillation of crude oil refinery or obtained by the separation of the gas on the oil and liquefied under pressure, colorless, odorless, heavy and hot combustion gases from the air.
In case of a leak, especially scented by refineries to be understood right away the gas leak. The composition of LPG mix used in our country in general 70% butane, propane is 30%. When a liter of LPG gasification, equivalent to about 250 liters of gas volume under normal conditions. LPG gas is not as volatile, precipitates.
LPG, when complying with the conditions of use, a consumer can safely use the fuel.
LPG, providing all the benefits provided by natural gas and is a type of energy that does not require any central infrastructure.
LPG is an environmentally friendly fuel compared to other energy sources because of the simple chemical structure.
LPG, the tin can and a portable energy.
LPG also has a high calorific value and fuel efficiency compared to other fuel types.
LPG can be equaling nearly all the energy needs of any living unit.
What is the difference between LNG and LPG
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is sometimes confused with LNG. LPG is mainly profane (C3H8) and butane (C4H10) to occur, and is used for both personal and commercial purposes (including as a vehicle fuel). LPG is kept stored in liquid form at high pressure. Unlike the LNG at a lower temperature such as -162 ° C, stored as a liquid at atmospheric pressure. The general characteristics of LNG and LPG are also different: the gas is lighter than air and disperses easily in the air, but the components of the LPG is heavier than air. Unlike the LNG stored in cold temperatures, the storage of LPG requires the presence of different materials and standards.
CNG What is it?
CNG Compressed Natural Gas (Compressed Natural Gas), the national transmission grid or local distribution system as the gas or gas supplied in the form of liquefied natural gas from LNG terminals is obtained by compression under pressure of 200-250 bar. CNG is an odorless, colorless and non-toxic fuel in the gas phase.
It is transported and stored under high pressure in the gas phase. by reducing the pressure again it is consumed in the gas phase.
CNG Uses
compressed natural gas in the world’s busiest areas is transportation. The high fuel prices, is 120-125 octane octane value, clean and ensuring complete combustion, the life extension of the engine as a result of mixing with oil, does not cause time fuel consumption to increase, the explosive (5% – 15% of the air-gas mixture ratio) to other fuels the low rates of CNG’s fuel provided to be encouraged.
fuel Benchmarking
The following table can be examined for thermal value and yield comparison based on other alternative fuel LNG.
| Fuel Type | Product Calorific Value | Combustion Efficiency |
| LNG | 9,155 kcal / cm3 | 93% |
| Fuel Oil No. 6 (FO6) | 9,500 kcal / kg | 80% |
| Fuel Oil No. 4 (types) | 9,800 kcal / kg | 82% |
| 1% sulfur fuel oil | 9,500 kcal / kg | 80% |
| Diesel | 10,200 kcal / kg | 84% |
| Nafta | 10,400 kcal / kg | 85% |
| LPG (Bulk Mix) | 11,000 kcal / kg | 92% |
| LPG (Propane Bulk) | 11,100 kcal / kg | 92% |
| Coal (Lignite Native) | 4,640 kcal / kg | 60% |
| Coal (imported Siberia) | 7,000 kcal / kg | 65% |
| Electricity | 860 kcal / kWh | 99% |
| Natural gas | 8,250 kcal / m3 | 93% |
| CNG | 8,250 kcal / m3 | 93% |
Source:
1-Liquefied and Compressed Natural Gazcılar Association
2-Lukoil
3-Naturelgaz